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KMID : 0360919690120010073
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Journal of the Korean Medical Association
1969 Volume.12 No. 1 p.73 ~ p.81
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AN ANATIOMICAL STUDY OF THE FACIAL CANAL AND FICIAL NERVE IN CHILDREN
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Abstract
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The facial canal and facial nerve are very fine and important structures. Even slight inflammatory invasion of the facial canal and the nerve damage due to middle ear surgery may produce permanent facial paralysis. This may give the patient permanent social handicap. Therefore successful surgery in the middle ear is dependant upon the possession of .foreknowledge of normal and aberrant structures. The author carried out an ana-tomical study of the facial canal and facial nerve under direct vision of the otomicroscope,. using temporal bones dissected from 30 children, and discussed from the surgical aspect.
The results obtained were as follows:
1. Of the labyrinthine segment, tympanic segment and vertical segment of the facial nerve, the vertical segment was the largest one, which extended one-half the entire length. The chorda tympani originated generally at the midportion of the vertical segment. The vertical segment curved at 100°- 420° in 73% of cases.
2. The facial canal was very narrow at the regions above the oval window and between the two windows. On the other hand the canal got wider in the regions of the midportion of the vertical segment and stylomastoid foramen.
3. The wall of the facial canal on the side of the tympanic cavity was very thin at the regions above the oval window and between the two windows and thick at the regions of the round window and lower level of the tympanic cavity. On the contrary, the canal wall on the side of the mastoid antrum was very thick at the region of the pyramidal eminence and thin at the lower portion of the vertical segment
4. Dehiscence of the facial canal wall was seen in 5 cases. All of these were encountered at the canal wall on the side of the tympanic cavity.
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